مجموعه لغات در مورد موضوعات محیط زیست
در آینده مجموعه لغات مربوط به محیط زیست که در خبر ها و متون علمی بیشترین فراوانی را دارند بر اساس لیست زیر در وبلاگ قرار خواهد گرفت.
1- Forestry
2- Inland Waters
3- Hills and Mountains
4- Deserts and Prairies and Wildernesses
6- The Countryside
7- The air, Land and Wetland
8- Soil
Environmental issues:
acid rain: noun [U]
rain which contains large amounts of harmful chemicals as a result of burning substances such as coal and oil
biodegrade: verb [I]
Some plastics are designed to biodegrade when their useful life is over.
carbon tax: noun [C] SPECIALIZED
a tax on the use of oil, coal etc. which produce greenhouse gases which harm the atmosphere.
tax: a mount of money paid to government
conservation: noun [U]
( preservation)
the protection of plants and animals, natural areas, and interesting and important structures and buildings, especially from the damaging effects of human activity:
wildlife conservation
a conservation area
deforestation: noun [U]
the cutting down of trees in a large area; the destruction of forests by people:
Deforestation is destroying large areas of tropical rain forest.
destruction: destroy
dumping: noun [U]
the act of dumping something:
They have promised to limit the dumping of sewage sludge in the sea.
dump: (ALSO rubbish dump) a place where people are allowed to leave their rubbish:
effluent: noun [C or U]
liquid waste that is sent out from factories or places where sewage is dealt with, usually flowing into the sea or rivers:
Effluents from local factories are finding their way into the rive
Deal with: take action.
eco- prefix
connected with the environment
eco-friendly: adjective
describes a product that has been designed to do the least possible damage to the environment:
eco-friendly washing powder
eco-label
emission: noun[U]
when gas, heat, light, etc. is sent out:
The Green Party have called for a substantial reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases by the
substantial: very important and urgent
exhaustible: adjective
It is clear that many of the Earth's resources are exhaustible (= will be used completely and disappear).
fallout :noun [U]
the radioactive dust in the air after a nuclear explosion:
Cancer deaths caused by fallout from weapons testing could rise to 2.4 million over the next few centuries.
Globalization: noun [U]
(
We must take advantage of the increased globalization of the commodity trading business.
trade: the activity of buying and selling
take advantage of something While the baby slept, she took advantage of the moment's peace to read her book.
green: (POLITICAL) adjective
relating to the protection of the environment:
green politics/issues
a green campaigner/activist
the Green Party
campaigner: a person who takes part in organized activities which are intended to change something in society
activist: a person who believes strongly in political or social change and works hard to try and make this happen
litter: (Rubbish) noun [U]
small pieces of rubbish that have been left lying on the ground in public places:
About 2% of fast-food packaging ends up as litter.
litter: (Spread) verb [I]
to spread across an area or place untidily:
The park was littered with bottles and cans after the concert.
Dirty clothes littered the floor of her bedroom.
the National Trust: noun [U]
an organization in the
natural resources: plural noun
things such as minerals, forests, coal, etc. which exist in a place and can be used by people:
Some natural resources, such as natural gas and fossil fuel, cannot be replaced.
noise pollution: noun [U]
noise, such as that from traffic, which upsets people where they live or work and is considered to be unhealthy for them:
to tackle/ease/reduce noise pollution
tackle: deal with
ease: make less
oil slick: noun [C]
a layer of oil that is floating over a large area of the surface of the sea, usually because an accident has caused it to escape from a ship or container.
ozone-friendly: adjective
describes a product which does not produce gases that are harmful to the ozone layer:
ozone-friendly packaging
an ozone-friendly refrigerator
pollutant: noun [C]
a substance that pollutes:
Polluter: noun [C]
a person or organization that pollutes
preservation: noun [U]
(conservation)
when you keep something the same or prevent it from being damaged:
building preservation
wood preservation
There is great public concern about some of the chemicals used in food preservation.
The cathedral is in a poor state of preservation (= has not been kept in good condition).
The prime minister has said that the government is committed to the preservation (= protection) of the country's national interests.
She belongs to the Association for the Preservation of Civil War Sites
The cathedral: a very large, usually stone, building for Christian worship, which is the largest and most important church of a diocese (= area)
Commit: to promise
rape: noun[U]
destruction of the natural world, often for profit:
The road builders were accused of the rape of the countryside.
accused: to say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal or unkind: He's been accused of robbery/murder.
reclaim: verb [T]
to make land, such as desert or flooded areas, suitable for farming or building
reclaim :verb [T]
to treat waste materials in order to obtain useful materials, such as glass or paper, that can be used again.
renewable :adjective
describes a form of energy that can be produced as quickly as it is used:
renewable energy sources such as wind and wave power.
scrap yard :noun [C] MAINLY
a place where old vehicles and machines are collected and either sold or prepared for being used again
smog :noun [S or U]
air pollution, especially in cities, that is caused by a mixture of smoke, gases and chemicals:
Smog is a major problem in
As we flew into the airport, we could see a murky yellow smog hovering over the city.
murky: dark and dirty or difficult to see through:
smoggy :adjective
spillage :noun [C or U] FORMAL
a spill:
Massive oil spillages.
sustainable :adjective
causing little or no damage to the environment and therefore able to continue for a long time:
A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting sustainable development in all countries.
unleaded :adjective
describes a type of petrol or other substance that does not contain lead:
Does your car use unleaded petrol?
lead: (metal) a very dense, soft, dark-grey, poisonous metal, used especially in the past on roofs and for pipes and also for protection against radiation.
dense: (of a substance) containing a lot of matter in a small space.
Source:
1- Cambridge Advanced Dictionary.2003 version 1.0
2- internet
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